THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM IN ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN

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Published: 2025-12-12
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46281/bjmsr.v11i1.2765
Keywords:
Sustainable Development, Community-Based Tourism, Environmental Impact, Cultural Preservation, Tourism Management

Main Article Content

Zhassulan Sadykov
Associate Professor, Esil University, Department of Social Work and Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7133-9162
Nina Petrichsheva
Senior Lecturer, Kenzhegali Sagadiyev University of International Business, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-6195
Assylkhan Yessilov
Associate Professor, Kazakh University of Technology and Business named after K. Kulazhanov, Department of Tourism and Service, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4477-3780
Zubaira Temiraliyeva
Senior Lecturer, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-6197
Inna Rey
Associate Professor, Kazakh University of Technology and Business named after K. Kulazhanov, Department of Tourism and Service, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7967-1541

Abstract

Community-based tourism (CBT) plays a crucial role in sustainable tourism development in Kazakhstan, contributing to economic growth, cultural preservation, and environmental sustainability. In a study, the barriers to CBT implementation, which play a key role in advancing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), notably SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), were analyzed. This study aims to fill gaps by examining how managers of Kazakhstan-based travel companies understand CBT's economic, environmental, and cultural aspects. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative interviews with travel company managers, participant observations, and quantitative surveys. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The data samples included All Managers, Experienced Managers, and Novice Managers. The regression analysis was performed using two models: baseline, which included Awareness only, and expanded, which included Engagement and Infrastructure Challenge as control variables. For statistical significance, the standard errors (0.5-0.8) and mean values (3.5-4.5) were calculated, with a significant coefficient at p < 0.05. The findings of this study highlighted the importance of training programs and mentorship opportunities in helping less experienced professionals acquire new skills and bridge the knowledge gap. The findings of this study indicated that CBT aligns with SDG 8, SDG 11, and SDG 12, while also highlighting challenges, including infrastructure deficits and community engagement issues that hinder its implementation.


JEL Classification Codes: Z32, Q56, O13, R11, O18.

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Article Details

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Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Continuous Publication

Section

Research Paper/Theoretical Paper/Review Paper/Short Communication Paper
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Author Biographies

Zhassulan Sadykov , Associate Professor, Esil University, Department of Social Work and Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan

Zhasulan Sadykov has been working at Esil University since 2016, holding the position of Associate Professor in the Department of Social Work and Tourism. Since September 2018, he has been the head of the Tourism program. Currently, he conducts research on ecological, gastronomic, sustainable tourism, and tourism local history.

Z.A. Sadykov has published over 60 scientific articles and publications in leading scientific journals in Russia, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Hungary, Japan, Turkey, and Kazakhstan (Scopus, Russian Science Citation Index, Committee for Control of Cultural Heritage). He also has 7 articles included in the Scopus database (with a percentile above 50). He also has 2 monographs, "Sustainable Tourism Development in Kazakhstan (using the Astana Cluster as an example)" and "Tourism and Local History Potential and Tourism Development in Astana." He also has 3 teaching aids, "Fundamentals of Tourism and Local History Work," "Touropereyting," and "Touristik ölketanu," and 6 copyright certificates.Since March 2020, he has been a member of the UMO RUMS for the OP "Tourism"; a temporary member of the Dissertation Councils, a reviewer at the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and the Kazakh Academy of Sports and Tourism for the OP "Tourism"; an expert on the Appeals Commission for assigning Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees under the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan.He has 19 years of experience in scientific and pedagogical activities and more than 4 years of experience as a head of departments.

Nina Petrichsheva , Senior Lecturer, Kenzhegali Sagadiyev University of International Business, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

Nina Petrichsheva, Master of Science in Service, a lecturer with seven years of experience, and a senior lecturer in the Department of Tourism and Hospitality at the K. Sagadiyev University of International Business. She is a consultant in the field of tourism and service. She has participated in numerous international conferences and roundtables. She has experience using case-based teaching methods aimed at developing students' applied thinking and adapting knowledge to market dynamics. She also has experience creating cases based on real and simulated situations that connect service theory with practice in the context of current market realities. She is a participant in the international ERASMUS+ project "Pilot Courses in Practical Business Based on Cooperation between Universities and Enterprises for the Development of the Caspian Region." She participated in the UNESCO (UNESCO Almaty Cluster Office) volunteer program for the Central Asian region. She is a co-author of the YPO Kazakhstan collection of business cases. She is also the developer of undergraduate and graduate educational programs in tourism and service at the K. Sagadiyev University of International Business.

Assylkhan Yessilov , Associate Professor, Kazakh University of Technology and Business named after K. Kulazhanov, Department of Tourism and Service, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan

Assylkhan Yessilov earned a PhD in Social Policy from the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. He graduated with honors in International Law from the Kazakh Humanitarian Law University and was included in the “Altyn Kitap” (Golden Book) of academic excellence. He also earned a Master’s degree in Jurisprudence and a Bachelor’s degree in Economics from the S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University. From 2006 to 2016, he worked in the system of public administration in the field of tourism, holding positions of expert, head of department, and division director at the Ministry of Tourism and Sports, the Ministry of Industry and New Technologies, and the Ministry for Investments and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. He actively participated in the development and improvement of tourism legislation, the formation of strategic programs, and the creation of state regulation mechanisms for the tourism sector. Since 2016, he has been the Director of the Turistik Kamkor Corporate Fund – the Administrator of the System for Guaranteeing the Rights of Citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Field of Outbound Tourism, as well as the Executive Director of the Association of Tour Operators of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Since 2017, he has also served as a Senior Lecturer at the Kazakh University of Technology and Business.

He has made a significant contribution to the development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the improvement of the system for protecting the rights of tourists, and the enhancement of tourism regulation. He is the author of scientific works in the fields of social policy, public administration, and sustainable tourism development, and actively participates in international and national research projects aimed at promoting tourism and strengthening Kazakhstan’s image in the global tourism market.

Zubaira Temiraliyeva , Senior Lecturer, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan

Zubaira Temiraliyeva, Senior lecturer, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan. Her research focuses on developing a model of sustainable tourism in the Akmola Region. She is the author of more than 20 academic papers on tourism and a co-author of two monographs. Temiraliyeva has participated in more than 10 international and several national academic conferences. Her research interests include sustainable tourism, regional tourism development, hospitality management, and socio-cultural aspects of tourism.

Inna Rey , Associate Professor, Kazakh University of Technology and Business named after K. Kulazhanov, Department of Tourism and Service, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan

Inna Rey, Associate Professor, PhD in Economics and Management (Tourism), President of the Association of Tour Operators of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Chairperson of the “Turistik Kamkor” Fund, Astana, Kazakhstan

Rey Inna holds a PhD in Economics and Management with a specialization in Tourism and is an Associate Professor. She graduated from Tomsk State University with a degree in History (1978–1983), completed postgraduate studies there (1983–1987), and later obtained a Master’s degree in Tourism from Turan University (2015). From 2014 to 2017, she pursued doctoral studies at Varna University in Bulgaria.

Her professional background includes teaching positions at Tomsk State University (1987–1988) and the Tselinograd Pedagogical Institute (1989–1991). From 1994 to 1999, she served as a Deputy of the Regional Maslikhat (first convocation). Since 1994, she has been the Director of the tourism company SAYAT.

Inna Rey is a recognized expert in the field of tourism management and development. She organized the first tourist charter flight from Astana in 1995 and has since overseen more than 4,000 flights serving about one million clients. She has received numerous national awards, including the title Honored Worker of Tourism of the Republic of Kazakhstan (1999), the Quality Crown Award (2000), and the Medal for Distinguished Labor (Eren Enbegi Ushin) (2011).

She is a member of IATA (since 2005), the Tourism Council under the Government of Kazakhstan (since 2000), and the Presidium of the Tourism Committee of the National Chamber of Entrepreneurs (since 2014). Since 2015, she has been serving as President of the Association of Tour Operators of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and since 2016, as Chairperson of the Turistik Kamkor Fund.

Her research interests include tourism management, sustainable tourism development, and innovations in travel industry governance.

How to Cite

Sadykov , Z. ., Petrichsheva , N. ., Yessilov , A. ., Temiraliyeva , Z. ., & Rey , I. . (2025). THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM IN ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN. Bangladesh Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 11(1), 80-92. https://doi.org/10.46281/bjmsr.v11i1.2765
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