THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM IN ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN

Article Sidebar

PDF
Published: 2025-12-12
DOI: https://doi.org/10.46281/bjmsr.v11i1.2765
Keywords:
Sustainable Development, Community-Based Tourism, Environmental Impact, Cultural Preservation, Tourism Management

Main Article Content

Zhassulan Sadykov
Associate Professor, Esil University, Department of Social Work and Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7133-9162
Nina Petrichsheva
Senior Lecturer, Kenzhegali Sagadiyev University of International Business, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-6195
Assylkhan Yessilov
Associate Professor, Kazakh University of Technology and Business named after K. Kulazhanov, Department of Tourism and Service, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4477-3780
Zubaira Temiraliyeva
Senior Lecturer, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-6197
Inna Rey
Associate Professor, Kazakh University of Technology and Business named after K. Kulazhanov, Department of Tourism and Service, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7967-1541

Abstract

Community-based tourism (CBT) plays a crucial role in sustainable tourism development in Kazakhstan, contributing to economic growth, cultural preservation, and environmental sustainability. In a study, the barriers to CBT implementation, which play a key role in advancing United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), notably SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), were analyzed. This study aims to fill gaps by examining how managers of Kazakhstan-based travel companies understand CBT's economic, environmental, and cultural aspects. This study employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating qualitative interviews with travel company managers, participant observations, and quantitative surveys. Thematic analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The data samples included All Managers, Experienced Managers, and Novice Managers. The regression analysis was performed using two models: baseline, which included Awareness only, and expanded, which included Engagement and Infrastructure Challenge as control variables. For statistical significance, the standard errors (0.5-0.8) and mean values (3.5-4.5) were calculated, with a significant coefficient at p < 0.05. The findings of this study highlighted the importance of training programs and mentorship opportunities in helping less experienced professionals acquire new skills and bridge the knowledge gap. The findings of this study indicated that CBT aligns with SDG 8, SDG 11, and SDG 12, while also highlighting challenges, including infrastructure deficits and community engagement issues that hinder its implementation.


JEL Classification Codes: Z32, Q56, O13, R11, O18.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 1 (2026): Continuous Publication

Section

Research Paper/Theoretical Paper/Review Paper/Short Communication Paper
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Author Biographies

Zhassulan Sadykov , Associate Professor, Esil University, Department of Social Work and Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan

Zhasulan Sadykov has been working at Esil University since 2016, holding the position of Associate Professor in the Department of Social Work and Tourism. Since September 2018, he has been the head of the Tourism program. Currently, he conducts research on ecological, gastronomic, sustainable tourism, and tourism local history.

Z.A. Sadykov has published over 60 scientific articles and publications in leading scientific journals in Russia, Ukraine, Kyrgyzstan, Hungary, Japan, Turkey, and Kazakhstan (Scopus, Russian Science Citation Index, Committee for Control of Cultural Heritage). He also has 7 articles included in the Scopus database (with a percentile above 50). He also has 2 monographs, "Sustainable Tourism Development in Kazakhstan (using the Astana Cluster as an example)" and "Tourism and Local History Potential and Tourism Development in Astana." He also has 3 teaching aids, "Fundamentals of Tourism and Local History Work," "Touropereyting," and "Touristik ölketanu," and 6 copyright certificates.Since March 2020, he has been a member of the UMO RUMS for the OP "Tourism"; a temporary member of the Dissertation Councils, a reviewer at the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University and the Kazakh Academy of Sports and Tourism for the OP "Tourism"; an expert on the Appeals Commission for assigning Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees under the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan.He has 19 years of experience in scientific and pedagogical activities and more than 4 years of experience as a head of departments.

Nina Petrichsheva , Senior Lecturer, Kenzhegali Sagadiyev University of International Business, Department of Tourism and Hospitality, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan

Nina Petrichsheva, Master of Science in Service, a lecturer with seven years of experience, and a senior lecturer in the Department of Tourism and Hospitality at the K. Sagadiyev University of International Business. She is a consultant in the field of tourism and service. She has participated in numerous international conferences and roundtables. She has experience using case-based teaching methods aimed at developing students' applied thinking and adapting knowledge to market dynamics. She also has experience creating cases based on real and simulated situations that connect service theory with practice in the context of current market realities. She is a participant in the international ERASMUS+ project "Pilot Courses in Practical Business Based on Cooperation between Universities and Enterprises for the Development of the Caspian Region." She participated in the UNESCO (UNESCO Almaty Cluster Office) volunteer program for the Central Asian region. She is a co-author of the YPO Kazakhstan collection of business cases. She is also the developer of undergraduate and graduate educational programs in tourism and service at the K. Sagadiyev University of International Business.

Assylkhan Yessilov , Associate Professor, Kazakh University of Technology and Business named after K. Kulazhanov, Department of Tourism and Service, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan

Assylkhan Yessilov earned a PhD in Social Policy from the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. He graduated with honors in International Law from the Kazakh Humanitarian Law University and was included in the “Altyn Kitap” (Golden Book) of academic excellence. He also earned a Master’s degree in Jurisprudence and a Bachelor’s degree in Economics from the S. Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University. From 2006 to 2016, he worked in the system of public administration in the field of tourism, holding positions of expert, head of department, and division director at the Ministry of Tourism and Sports, the Ministry of Industry and New Technologies, and the Ministry for Investments and Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan. He actively participated in the development and improvement of tourism legislation, the formation of strategic programs, and the creation of state regulation mechanisms for the tourism sector. Since 2016, he has been the Director of the Turistik Kamkor Corporate Fund – the Administrator of the System for Guaranteeing the Rights of Citizens of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the Field of Outbound Tourism, as well as the Executive Director of the Association of Tour Operators of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Since 2017, he has also served as a Senior Lecturer at the Kazakh University of Technology and Business.

He has made a significant contribution to the development of the tourism industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the improvement of the system for protecting the rights of tourists, and the enhancement of tourism regulation. He is the author of scientific works in the fields of social policy, public administration, and sustainable tourism development, and actively participates in international and national research projects aimed at promoting tourism and strengthening Kazakhstan’s image in the global tourism market.

Zubaira Temiraliyeva , Senior Lecturer, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan

Zubaira Temiraliyeva, Senior lecturer, L. N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Department of Tourism, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan. Her research focuses on developing a model of sustainable tourism in the Akmola Region. She is the author of more than 20 academic papers on tourism and a co-author of two monographs. Temiraliyeva has participated in more than 10 international and several national academic conferences. Her research interests include sustainable tourism, regional tourism development, hospitality management, and socio-cultural aspects of tourism.

Inna Rey , Associate Professor, Kazakh University of Technology and Business named after K. Kulazhanov, Department of Tourism and Service, Astana, Republic of Kazakhstan

Inna Rey, Associate Professor, PhD in Economics and Management (Tourism), President of the Association of Tour Operators of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Chairperson of the “Turistik Kamkor” Fund, Astana, Kazakhstan

Rey Inna holds a PhD in Economics and Management with a specialization in Tourism and is an Associate Professor. She graduated from Tomsk State University with a degree in History (1978–1983), completed postgraduate studies there (1983–1987), and later obtained a Master’s degree in Tourism from Turan University (2015). From 2014 to 2017, she pursued doctoral studies at Varna University in Bulgaria.

Her professional background includes teaching positions at Tomsk State University (1987–1988) and the Tselinograd Pedagogical Institute (1989–1991). From 1994 to 1999, she served as a Deputy of the Regional Maslikhat (first convocation). Since 1994, she has been the Director of the tourism company SAYAT.

Inna Rey is a recognized expert in the field of tourism management and development. She organized the first tourist charter flight from Astana in 1995 and has since overseen more than 4,000 flights serving about one million clients. She has received numerous national awards, including the title Honored Worker of Tourism of the Republic of Kazakhstan (1999), the Quality Crown Award (2000), and the Medal for Distinguished Labor (Eren Enbegi Ushin) (2011).

She is a member of IATA (since 2005), the Tourism Council under the Government of Kazakhstan (since 2000), and the Presidium of the Tourism Committee of the National Chamber of Entrepreneurs (since 2014). Since 2015, she has been serving as President of the Association of Tour Operators of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and since 2016, as Chairperson of the Turistik Kamkor Fund.

Her research interests include tourism management, sustainable tourism development, and innovations in travel industry governance.

How to Cite

Sadykov , Z. ., Petrichsheva , N. ., Yessilov , A. ., Temiraliyeva , Z. ., & Rey , I. . (2025). THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED TOURISM IN ENHANCING SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN. Bangladesh Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 11(1), 80-92. https://doi.org/10.46281/bjmsr.v11i1.2765
Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC

References

Ahmad, W., Kim, W. G., Anwer, Z., & Zhuang, W. (2020). Schwartz personal values, theory of planned behavior and environmental consciousness: How tourists' visiting intentions towards eco-friendly destinations are shaped? Journal of Business Research, 110, 228–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.01.042.

Aktymbayeva, A., Nuruly, Y., Artemyev, A., Kaliyeva, A., Sapiyeva, A., & Assipova, Z. (2023). Balancing nature and visitors for sustainable development: Assessing the tourism carrying capacities of Katon-Karagay National Park, Kazakhstan. Sustainability, 15(22), 15989. https://doi.org/10.3390/su152215989

Alamineh, G. A., Hussein, J. W., Mulu, Y. E., & Taddesse, B. (2023). The negative cultural impact of tourism and its implication on sustainable development in Amhara Regional State. Cogent Arts & Humanities, 10(1), 2224597. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2023.2224597

Aldybayev, B., Gubarenko, A., Imangulova, T., Ussubaliyeva, S., & Abdikarimova, M. (2021). Popularization of objects of the cultural and historical heritage of the Republic of Kazakhstan as a factor for the development of ethnocultural tourism of the country. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 39, 1450–1460. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.394spl16-789

Balsalobre-Lorente, D., Abbas, J., He, C., Pilař, L., & Shah, S. A. R. (2023). Tourism, urbanization and natural resources rents matter for environmental sustainability: The leading role of AI and ICT on sustainable development goals in the digital era. Resources Policy, 82, 103445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.103445

Bashynska, I., Lytovchenko, I., & Kharenko, D. (2019). Sales tunnels in messengers as new technologies for effective Internet-marketing in tourism and hospitality. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8(12), 594–598. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.L3470.1081219

Bayuningsih, D., Dzulkifli, M., & Muksin, M. (2024). Innovative approaches in tourism development to revitalize global sustainability. International Journal of Studies in Social Sciences and Humanities (IJOSSH), 1(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.25047/ijossh.v1i1.5204

Belgibayeva, A., Tumalavicius, V., Petrova, M., & Akhmedyarov, Y. (2024). Economic aspects of organic waste disposal in the Republic of Kazakhstan. BIO Web of Conferences, 114, Article 01006. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411401006

Chlachula, J. (2020). Geoheritage of East Kazakhstan. Geoheritage, 12(4), 91. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-020-00514-y

Darvishmotevali, M., & Altinay, L. (2022). Green HRM, environmental Awareness and green behaviors: The moderating role of servant leadership. Tourism Management, 88, 104401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2021.104401

Dolezal, C., & Novelli, M. (2022). Power in community-based tourism: empowerment and partnership in Bali. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 30(10), 2352–2370. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1838527

Dykha, M., Dykha, V., Pylypyak, O., Poplavska, O., Tanasiienko, N., & Tanasiienko, V. (2023). Risk Management of The Startup Projects, IEEE 4th KhPI Week on Advanced Technology (KhPIWeek), 616–621. https://doi.org/10.1109/KhPIWeek61412.2023.10311582

Fan, K. H. F., Ng, S. L., & Bayrak, M. M. (2023). Appraising the community in community-based tourism. Tourism Geographies, 25(2–3), 594–614. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2021.1943702

Gevorgyan, S. (2024). The use of adaptive learning technologies in e-learning for inclusive education: A systematic review. E-Learning Innovations Journal, 2(1), 90–107. https://doi.org/10.57125/ELIJ.2024.03.25.05

Giampiccoli, A., Mtapuri, O., & Nauright, J. (2021). Tourism development in the Seychelles: A proposal for a unique community-based tourism alternative. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change, 19(4), 444–457. https://doi.org/10.1080/14766825.2020.1743297

Gohori, O., & van der Merwe, P. (2020). Towards a tourism and community-development framework: An African perspective. Sustainability, 12(13), 5305. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135305

Guo, Y., Yang, Y., & Song, Q. (2024). Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of museums in Jining, China. Futurity of Social Sciences, 2(1), 72–88. https://doi.org/10.57125/FS.2024.03.20.04

Hatammimi, J., & Gunawan, A. A. (2024). Sustainable development of batik industry: A literature review. In B. Alareeni & A. Hamdan (Eds.), Technology: Toward Business Sustainability, 925, 224–233. Springer Nature Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54019-6_21

Havadi Nagy, K. X., & Espinosa Segui, A. (2020). Experiences of community-based tourism in Romania: Chances and challenges. Journal of Tourism Analysis: Revista de Análisis Turístico, 27(2), 143–163. https://doi.org/10.1108/JTA-08-2019-0033

Ibnou-Laaroussi, S., Rjoub, H., & Wong, W. K. (2020). Sustainability of green tourism among international tourists and its influence on the achievement of green environment: Evidence from North Cyprus. Sustainability, 12(14), 5698. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12145698

Islam, M. W., Ahmed, S., & Mahin, R. T. (2024). Motivation in community-based tourism: Linking locals to internationals in promoting community development and conservation of natural resources. In Strategic Tourism Planning for Communities, 221–245. Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83549-015-020241018

Ivankova, V., Gavurova, B., Bačík, R., & Rigelský, M. (2021). Relationships between road transport infrastructure and tourism spending: A development approach in European OECD countries. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 9(2), 535. https://doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2021.9.2(34)

Junaid, I., Sigala, M., & Banchit, A. (2021). Implementing community-based tourism (CBT): Lessons learnt and implications by involving students in a CBT project in Laelae Island, Indonesia. Journal of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism Education, 29, 100295. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhlste.2020.100295

Khurdei, V., Pushkar, T., Kuzmenko, H., Bessarab, A., & Tregub, A. (2023). Use of social media platforms as a key element of brand marketing strategies. Economic Affairs, 68(3), 1665–1673. https://doi.org/10.46852/0424-2513.3.2023.31

Kovshun, N., Kliuchnyk, A., Tymchuk, S., Orlenko, O., Soloviova, O., & Horiunova, K. (2023a). Rural tourism potential in the development of the agriculture-industrial complex. E3S Web of Conferences, 408, 01026. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202340801026

Kovshun, N., Doroshenko, O., Zhydyk, I., Nalyvaiko, N., Vashai, Y., & Skakovska, S. (2023b). Global measurement of ecological footprint in the context of sustainable development. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 1269(1), 012032. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1269/1/012032

Krykavskyy, Y., Semchuk, Z., & Moskviak, Y. (2021). Competitive-innovative development of tourism enterprises in the framework of sustainable development. Law, Business and Sustainability Herald, 1(3), 34–41. https://doi.org/10.46489/lbsh.2021-1-3-5

Li, J., Krishnamurthy, S., Roders, A. P., & Van Wesemael, P. (2020). Community participation in cultural heritage management: A systematic literature review comparing Chinese and international practices. Cities, 96, 102476. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.102476

Liang, A. R.-D., Loo, P. T., & Kuan, F.-Y. (2024). Barriers influencing the sustainable development of community-based tourism (CBT): Evidence from Ciaotou heritage village in Taiwan. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 15(4), 553–574. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJEFM-03-2024-0029

Litvinenko, V., Bowbrick, I., Naumov, I., & Zaitseva, Z. (2022). Global guidelines and requirements for professional competencies of natural resource extraction engineers: Implications for ESG principles and sustainable development goals. Journal of Cleaner Production, 338, 130530. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130530

Lo, Y., & Janta, P. (2020). Resident's perspective on developing community-based tourism–a qualitative study of Muen Ngoen Kong Community, Chiang Mai, Thailand. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1493. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01493

Mamirkulova, G., Mi, J., Abbas, J., Mahmood, S., Mubeen, R., & Ziapour, A. (2020). New Silk Road infrastructure opportunities in developing tourism environment for residents' better quality of life. Global Ecology and Conservation, 24, e01194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01194

Mia, M. N., Mani, L., Rahman, M. M., Milon, M. N. U., & Hossain, R. (2024). Gravitating towards community-based tourism (CBT): Community empowerment and reducing poverty in tourism sector development in Bangladesh. International Journal of Religion, 5(6), 848–864. https://doi.org/10.61707/e1zchv24

Mir, M., Shelley, B., & Ooi, C. (2024). Uses of tourism resources for educational and community development: A systematic literature review and lessons. Tourism Management Perspectives, 53, 101278. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2024.101278

Musavengane, R., & Kloppers, R. (2020). Social capital: An investment towards community resilience in the collaborative natural resources management of community-based tourism schemes. Tourism Management Perspectives, 34, 100654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100654

Na Thongkaew, B., Ruksapol, A., & Brewer, P. (2024). The role of local networks in supportive mechanisms Model for sustainable community-based tourism administration. Tourism Planning & Development, 22(1), 159–181. https://doi.org/10.1080/21568316.2024.2320207

Nikolenko, K., Poperechna, G., Diatlova, I., Kvitkin, P., & Hrytsenko, A. (2024). Philosophical and psychological foundations of social responsibility and ethics. Futurity Philosophy, 3(3), 95–113. https://doi.org/10.57125/FP.2024.09.30.06

Prokopenko, O., Larina, Y., Chetveryk, O., Kravtsov, S., Rozhko, N., & Lorvi, I. (2019). Digital-toolkit for promoting tourist destinations. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, 8(12), 4982–4987. Retrieved from https://www.ijitee.org/wp-content/uploads/papers/v8i12/L37451081219.pdf

Prokopenko, O., Rusavska, V., Maliar, N., Tvelina, A., Opanasiuk, N., & Aldankova, H. (2020). Digital-toolkit for sports tourism promoting. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology, 11(5), 84–96. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=3628048

Putra, D. D., Adikampana, I. M., & Mananda, I. G. P. B. S. (2024). The influence of the role of government and community participation on the quality of tourist destinations in Kesiman Kertalangu tourist village. Futurity Economics & Law, 4(3), 245–260. https://doi.org/10.57125/FEL.2024.09.25.15

Quang, T. D., Nguyen, Q. X. T., Nguyen, H. V., Dang, V. Q., & Tang, N. T. (2023). Toward sustainable community-based tourism development: Perspectives from local people in Nhon Ly coastal community, Binh Dinh province, Vietnam. PLOS ONE, 18(10), e0287522. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0287522

Raftopoulos, M. (2020). Rural community-based tourism and its impact on ecological consciousness, environmental stewardship and social structures. Bulletin of Latin American Research, 39(2), 142–156. https://doi.org/10.1111/blar.12749

Rahman, M. H., Tanchangya, T., Rahman, J., Aktar, M. A., & Majumder, S. C. (2024). Corporate social responsibility and green financing behavior in Bangladesh: Towards sustainable tourism. Innovation and Green Development, 3(3), 100133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.igd.2024.100133

Sabadash, J., Petrova, I., Oriekhova, S., Polishchuk, L., Haidukevych, K., & Otrishko, M. (2020). Historical, cultural and tourist monuments as a factor in the development of territories. International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering and Technology, 11(6), 485–493. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=3656957

Saienko, V., Mezentseva, I., Tolchieva, H., & Salkova, I. (2021). Efficiency of tourism operators' and tourism agents' activities in the market of tourist services of Ukraine. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism, 11(8), 1960–1966. Retrieved from https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jemt/article/view/5797

Samora-Arvela, A., Vaz, E., Ferreira, J., & Panagopoulos, T. (2023). Tourism, Climate Change and Well-Being: The Products' Diversity as an Opportunity. In E. Vaz (Ed.), Geography of Happiness, 121–160. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19871-7_7

Shah, S. S., & Shah, T. (2023). Responsible consumption choices and individual values: An algebraic interactive approach. Mind & Society, 22(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11299-023-00294-2

Shah, S. S. (2024). The role of social media in shaping public opinion on environmental issues. Premier Journal of Environmental Science, 1, 100002. https://doi.org/10.70389/PJES.100002

Shah, S. S., & Asghar, Z. (2024). Individual attitudes towards environmentally friendly choices: A comprehensive analysis of the role of legal rules, religion, and confidence in government. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 14(4), 629–651. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-024-00913-5

Shah, S. S., & Shah, S. A. H. (2024). Trust as a determinant of social welfare in the digital economy. Social Network Analysis and Mining, 14(1), 79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13278-024-01238-5

Sharma, R., Kamble, Z., & Hong, J. Y. Q. (2024). Community-based tourism: Addressing social needs in tropical regions. In S. R. Tan, H. Jang, & J. Wood (Eds.), Economic growth and development in the tropics, 134–158. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003349204-9

Sushchenko, R., Zapara, Y., Saienko, V., Kostiushko, V., Lytvynenko, L., & Pron, S. (2023). Urban transport, logistics, and tourism: Review of a cutting-edge socially-oriented approach to industrial development. Acta Scientiarum Polonorum Administratio Locorum, 22(1), 101–111. https://doi.org/10.31648/aspal.8069

Svitlichna, V., Tonkoshkur, M., Cirella, G. T., Radionova, L., Yatsiuk, M., & Uhodnikova, O. (2024). Sustainable ecotourism development: Integrating public marketing, community engagement, and environmental stewardship in Ukraine. In G. T. Cirella (Ed.), Handbook on post-war reconstruction and development economics of Ukraine, 271–291. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48735-4_16

Tamir, M. (2015). Challenges and opportunities of community-based tourism development in Awi Zone: A case study in Guagusa and Banja Woredas, Ethiopia. Journal of Tourism, Hospitality and Sports, 11, 50–78. Retrieved from https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234696818.pdf

Talukder, M. B., Muhsina, K., Mou, T. A., & Kumar, S. (2024). Community-based tourism in Bangladesh: A strategic approach. In E. Shaikh & K. Singh (Eds.), Corporate social responsibility, corporate governance and business ethics in tourism management: A business strategy for sustainable organizational performance, 159–175. Emerald Publishing Limited. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-83608-704-520241012

Trach, Y., Tolmach, M., Chaikovska, O., & Gumeniuk, T. (2020). Problems of Cultural Heritage Preservation in the Context of the Armed Conflict Growth. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, 575, 31–44. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48939-7_4

Troian, M., Prokopenko, O., Järvis, M., Saichuk, V., Komarnitskyi, I., & Glybovets, V. (2023). International marine tourism: Trends and prospects for sustainable development. Pomorstvo, 37(1), 23–31. https://doi.org/10.31217/p.37.1.3

Weaver, D. B., & Lawton, L. J. (2004). Visitor attitudes toward tourism development and product integration in an Australian urban-rural fringe. Journal of Travel Research, 42(3), 286–296. https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287503258834

Zielinski, S., Jeong, Y., & Milanés, C. B. (2021). Factors that influence community-based tourism (CBT) in developing and developed countries. Tourism Geographies, 23(5–6), 1040–1072. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2020.1786156