A Literature Review on the Imidazole
Keywords:
Uses, Applications
Abstract
This review gives some information about imidazole ring as a ( ligand , complex , antimicrobial , antimalarial , anticancer , uses , applications , linked with active groups such as Schiff base , azo group , ..).
References
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2. Rosa M.F. Batista , Susana P.G. Costa , M. Mannela M. Raposo ; " The Jornal of Oxganic Chemistry ", 2013, 78,11389 – 11395.
3. C. p. Rathod , R. M. Rajukar, S. Thoutes ; " Benzimidazol . Synthesis and Biological evolution " , IAJPR ., 2013 , 3 (2) : 2323- 2329.
4. A. M. Simonov, L. M. Sitkina, and A. F. Pozharskii.;chem. Ind.(London) , 1967,1454 .
5. Clark H. T. , W. R. Kimer; Methy Red , org . Synth . col ., 1941 , vol . 374 .
6. S. R . Hair , G. A . Taylor , Schultz , L.W. J. Chem . Educ ., 1990 , 67-70.
7. TuesonUnversity , " Health &Safetry in the Arts , Asearchable Database of Health & Safety Information for Artists " . Tueson university studies .
8. Eva Eugel , Heidi ulrich , RvdolfVasold , BurkhardKonig , Michal Landthaler , Rudolf Sultinger , Wolfgang Beulner ; Azo Pigments and Basal call cencinoma at the thumb , Dermatology, 2008, 216 (1),76 – 80.
9. Klaus Hungot , Peter Muschke , Wolfgang Rieper , RoderichRaue , Klaus Kunda , Alous Engel; Azo Dyes ,InulmonnsEncyclopiaofindustrial chemistry , 2005.
10. Elisa M. Cross , Kenneth M. White , Robert S. Moshrefzadeh, and Cecil V. Francis; Macromolecules, 1995 , 28 , 2526- 2532.
11. YellajytsulaLaksnmiNarasimna Murthy , GuduraDurga , An JaliJha , " Medicinal Chemistry Research ", 2013, 22, 2266 – 2272.
12. F.L. Bei, F. – F. Jian , X .- J. Yang , L .Lu , X . Wang , I.A Razak , .S.S.S Raj and H. – K. fun ; Acta . Crys T., 57 , 45, 2001 .
13. G. G. Mohmed, M. A. Zayed,Nadia E. A. El– Gamel;" SpectrocuimicaActa Part A" , 2002, 58, 3167- 3178.
14. M.U. Hassan ;Z.H.Chohan ;C.T.Supuran,Article, 2002,8(32),1445. 20. G.Pandey and K.K .Narang .Article , 2004,2(34), 291 .
15. E. Jawetz ;J. L. Melnick and E. A. Adelberg ,"Medical Microbiology " ,21th Edition Appleton and lang, 1998.
16. A. Kumar ;S. Sinha and M.S. Chauhan , Chem , Lett ,2002 ,12,667-670. 23. Y.V. Gopal and A.K . Kondapi ,Arech, Biochem, Biophys. ,2001 ,26 (2) ,271.
17. MieaadMohamd , NaghamMahmoodAljamali , WassanAlaShubber , Sabreen Ali Abdalrahman .," New Azomethine- Azo Heterocyclic Ligands Via Cyclization of Ester ".,Research J. Pharm. and Tech.,11, 6 ,2018 .,DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00472.9 .
18. Intisar Obaid A , Eman HS , NaghamMahmoodAljamali ., "Synthesis of (Tetrazole, Oxazepine, Azo, Imine) Ligands and Studying of Their (Organic Identification, Chromatography, Solubility, Physical, Thermal Analysis, Bio-Study) " ., Research J. Pharm. and Tech ,2018; 11,7,: 2821-2828., DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00521.8 .
19. Nakamoto.K., Infrared and Raman spectra of Inorganic Coordination, 1997, 5 th Ed. Part B, Joh N Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 87, 154, 173.
20. Pandey.A., Rajavel.R., Chandraker.S. &Dash.D., 2012, E-Jrournal of Chemisty , 9,4, 2524- 2531.
21. Zollinger. H ,1987, Color Chemistry–Synthesis ,properties and application of organic dyes and pigments, VCH Publishers, NewYork.
22. Sreekumar.N.V, Narayana.B , Hedge.P , Manjuantha.B.R&KSarojini.B, 2003, Micro Chmi. Acta., 74, 27.
23. Mostava M.M. , Shallaby A.M. and El – Asmy. A.A. , J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. , 43 , P. 292 , ( 1981 ) .
24. Arion V.B. and Keppler B.K. , J. Med Chem. , 50 ( 6 ) , PP. 1254 – 1265 ( 2007 ) .
25. Wilson and Givold," Text book of organic Medical and Pharmacology Chemistry", 8th ed, 107 (1982).
26. Alessandro,B., Clara,C., Giaframco,S., J.Am.Chem.Soc., 116,916 (1994).
27. Biliana,N., Kujundzie,N., Sancovic., Acta. Chem. Solv., 49,525(2002).
28. Lever, A.B. (1986).," Inorganic Electronic spectroscopy"., Amsterdam-London, New York.
29. Ghosh T. , Roy A. , Bhattacharya S. and Banerjee S. , Trans. Metal.Chem. , 30(4) , PP. 419-425 ( 2005 ) .
30. Baginski M, Czub J (June 2009). "Amphotericin B and its new derivatives - mode of action". Current Drug Metabolism. 10 (5): 459–69. doi:10.2174/ 138920009788898019 . PMID 19689243.
31. Sheehan DJ, Hitchcock CA, Sibley CM (January 1999). "Current and emerging azole antifungal agents". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 12 (1): 40–79. PMC 88906. PMID 9880474 .
32. Ameen M (March 2010). "Epidemiology of superficial fungal infections". Clinics in Dermatology. Elsevier Inc. 28 (2): 197–201. doi:10.1016/j. clindermatol.2009. 12.005. PMID 20347663.
33. Oliver JD, Sibley GE, Beckmann N, Dobb KS, Slater MJ, McEntee L, du Pré S, Livermore J, Bromley MJ, Wiederhold NP, Hope WW, Kennedy AJ, Law D, Birch M (November 2016). "F901318 represents a novel class of antifungal drug that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 113 (45): 12809–12814. doi:10.1073/ pnas.1608304113 . PMC 5111691. PMID 27791100.
34. Hope WW, McEntee L, Livermore J, Whalley S, Johnson A, Farrington N, Kolamunnage-Dona R, Schwartz J, Kennedy A, Law D, Birch M, Rex JH (August 2017). "Aspergillusfumigatus: New Opportunities for Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Fungal Disease". mBio. 8 (4): e01157–17. doi:10.1128/mBio.01157-17. PMC 5565967 . PMID 28830945.
35. Brilhante RS, Caetano EP, Lima RA, CasteloBranco DS, Serpa R, Oliveira JS, Monteiro AJ, Rocha MF, Cordeiro RA, Sidrim JJ (October 2015). "In vitro antifungal activity of miltefosine and levamisole: their impact on ergosterol biosynthesis and cell permeability of dimorphic fungi". Journal of Applied Microbiology. 119 (4): 962–9. doi:10.1111/jam.12891. PMID 26178247.
36. "Systemic Therapy". Rook's Textbook of Dermatology. 4 (8th ed.). 2010. p. 74.48.
37. Borkow G (August 2014). "Using Copper to Improve the Well-Being of the Skin" . Current Chemical Biology. 8 (2): 89–102. doi:10.2174/2212796809666150227223857. PMC 4556990. PMID 26361585.
38. Kyriakidis I, Tragiannidis A, Munchen S, Groll AH (February 2017). "Clinical hepatotoxicity associated with antifungal agents". Expert Opinion on Drug Safety . 16(2): 149–165. doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1270264.
39. NaghamMahmoodAljamali ., "Synthesis and Chemical Identification of Macro Compounds of (Thiazol and Imidazol)".,Research J. Pharm. and Tech, 2015, 8,1, 78-84., DOI : 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00016.5 .
40. Oberts DT, Taylor WD , Boyle J (March 2003). "Guidelines for treatment of onychomycosis ". The British Journal of Dermatology. 148 (3): 402–10. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05242.x. PMID 12653730.
41. Mehregan DR, Gee SL (December 1999). "The cost effectiveness of testing for onychomycosis versus empiric treatment of onychodystrophies with oral antifungal agents". Cutis. 64 (6): 407–10
42. Phillips, P, Shafran, S, Garber, G, Rotstein, C, Smaill, F, Fong, I. "Multicenter randomized trial of fluconazole versus amphotericin B for treatment of candidemia in non-neutropenic patients. Canadian Candidemia Study Group". Eur J ClinMicrobiol Infect Dis. vol. 16. 1997. pp. 337-45.
43. Rex, J, Pappas, P, Karchmer, A, Sobel, J, Edwards, J, Hadley, S. "A Randomized and Blinded Multicenter Trial of HighGÇÉDose Fluconazole plus Placebo versus Fluconazole plus Amphotericin B as Therapy for Candidemia and Its Consequences in Nonneutropenic Subjects". Clin Infect Dis. vol. 36. 2003. pp. 1221-28.
44. Kullberg, BJ, Sobel, JD, Ruhnke, M, Pappas, PG, Viscoli, C, Rex, JH. "Voriconazole versus a regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole for candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients: a randomised non-inferiority trial". Lancet. vol. 366. 2005. pp. 1435-42.
45. Mora-Duarte, J, Betts, R, Rotstein, C, Colombo, AL, Thompson-Moya, L, Smietana, J. "Comparison ofCaspofungin and Amphotericin B for Invasive Candidiasis". N Engl J Med. vol. 347. 2002. pp. 2020-2029.
46. DiNubile, MJ, Lupinacci, RJ, Strohmaier, KM, Sable, CA, Kartsonis, NA. "Invasive candidiasis treated in the intensive care unit: Observations from a randomized clinical trial". Journal of Critical Care. vol. 22. 2007. pp. 237-44.
47. Kuse, ER, Chetchotisakd, P, da Cunha, CA, Ruhnke, M, Barrios, C, Raghunadharao, D. "Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: a phase III randomised double-blind trial". Lancet. vol. 369. 2007. pp. 1519-27.
48. Pappas, PG, Rotstein, CMF, Betts, RF, Nucci, M, Talwar, D, De Waele, JJ. "Micafungin versus Caspofungin for Treatment of Candidemia and Other Forms of Invasive Candidiasis". Clin Infect Dis. vol. 45. 2007. pp. 883-93.
49. Reboli, AC, Rotstein, C, Pappas, PG, Chapman, SW, Kett, DH, Kumar, D. "Anidulafungin versus Fluconazole for Invasive Candidiasis". N Engl J Med. vol. 356. 2007. pp. 2472-82.
50. Hsu, DI, Nguyen, M, Nguyen, L, Law, A, Wong-Beringer, A. "A multicentre study to evaluate the impact of timing of caspofungin administration on outcomes of invasive candidiasis in non-immunocompromised adult patients". J AntimicrobChemother. 2010. pp. dkq216.
51. Intisar ObaidAlfatlawi , Nuha Salman S, ZainabMahmoodJ , NaghamMahmoodAljamali ,(2017),"Synthesis of New Organic Compounds Via Three Components Reaction with Studying of (Identification ,Thermal Behavior, Bioactivity on Bacteria of Teeth) "., Journal of Global Pharma Technology.; 11, 9 ,157-164.
52. EmanH. S .,NaghamMahmoodAljamali .,(2017) "New Azo-Thiadiazole Ligands (Preparation, Spectral, Thermal, Biochemical, Physical properties) - Studying " .,Journal of Global Pharma Technology; 11, 9 ,165.
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67. Nucci, M, Anaissie, E. "Should vascular catheters be removed from all patients with candidemia? An evidence-based review". Clin Infect Dis. vol. 34. 2002. pp. 591-99.
68. Nucci, M, Anaissie, E, Betts, R, Dupont, B, Wu, C, Buell, D. "Early Removal of Central Venous Catheter in Patients with Candidemia Does Not Improve Outcome: Analysis of 842 Patients from 2 Randomized Clinical Trials". Clin Infect Dis. vol. 51. 2010. pp. 295-303.
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70. Morrell, M, Fraser, VJ, Kollef, MH. "Delaying the empiric treatment of candida bloodstream infection until positive blood culture results are obtained: a potential risk factor for hospital mortality". Antimicrob Agents Chemother. vol. 49. 2005. pp. 3640-3645.
71. Garey, KW, Rege, M, Pai, MP, Mingo, DE, Suda, KJ, Turpin, RS. "Time to initiation of fluconazole therapy impacts mortality in patients with candidemia: a multi-institutional study". Clin Infect Dis. vol. 43. 2006. pp. 25-31.
72. Ostrosky-Zeichner, L, Sable, C, Sobel, J, Alexander, B, Donowitz, G, Kan, V. "Multicenter retrospective development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for nosocomial invasive candidiasis in the intensive care setting". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. vol. 26. 2007. pp. 271-76.
73. Leon, C, Ruiz-Santana, S, Saavedra, P, Almirante, B, Nolla-Salas, J, Alvarez-Lerma, F. "A bedside scoring system ("Candida score") for early antifungal treatment in nonneutropenic critically ill patients with Candida colonization". Crit Care Med. vol. 34. 2006. pp. 730-737.
2. Rosa M.F. Batista , Susana P.G. Costa , M. Mannela M. Raposo ; " The Jornal of Oxganic Chemistry ", 2013, 78,11389 – 11395.
3. C. p. Rathod , R. M. Rajukar, S. Thoutes ; " Benzimidazol . Synthesis and Biological evolution " , IAJPR ., 2013 , 3 (2) : 2323- 2329.
4. A. M. Simonov, L. M. Sitkina, and A. F. Pozharskii.;chem. Ind.(London) , 1967,1454 .
5. Clark H. T. , W. R. Kimer; Methy Red , org . Synth . col ., 1941 , vol . 374 .
6. S. R . Hair , G. A . Taylor , Schultz , L.W. J. Chem . Educ ., 1990 , 67-70.
7. TuesonUnversity , " Health &Safetry in the Arts , Asearchable Database of Health & Safety Information for Artists " . Tueson university studies .
8. Eva Eugel , Heidi ulrich , RvdolfVasold , BurkhardKonig , Michal Landthaler , Rudolf Sultinger , Wolfgang Beulner ; Azo Pigments and Basal call cencinoma at the thumb , Dermatology, 2008, 216 (1),76 – 80.
9. Klaus Hungot , Peter Muschke , Wolfgang Rieper , RoderichRaue , Klaus Kunda , Alous Engel; Azo Dyes ,InulmonnsEncyclopiaofindustrial chemistry , 2005.
10. Elisa M. Cross , Kenneth M. White , Robert S. Moshrefzadeh, and Cecil V. Francis; Macromolecules, 1995 , 28 , 2526- 2532.
11. YellajytsulaLaksnmiNarasimna Murthy , GuduraDurga , An JaliJha , " Medicinal Chemistry Research ", 2013, 22, 2266 – 2272.
12. F.L. Bei, F. – F. Jian , X .- J. Yang , L .Lu , X . Wang , I.A Razak , .S.S.S Raj and H. – K. fun ; Acta . Crys T., 57 , 45, 2001 .
13. G. G. Mohmed, M. A. Zayed,Nadia E. A. El– Gamel;" SpectrocuimicaActa Part A" , 2002, 58, 3167- 3178.
14. M.U. Hassan ;Z.H.Chohan ;C.T.Supuran,Article, 2002,8(32),1445. 20. G.Pandey and K.K .Narang .Article , 2004,2(34), 291 .
15. E. Jawetz ;J. L. Melnick and E. A. Adelberg ,"Medical Microbiology " ,21th Edition Appleton and lang, 1998.
16. A. Kumar ;S. Sinha and M.S. Chauhan , Chem , Lett ,2002 ,12,667-670. 23. Y.V. Gopal and A.K . Kondapi ,Arech, Biochem, Biophys. ,2001 ,26 (2) ,271.
17. MieaadMohamd , NaghamMahmoodAljamali , WassanAlaShubber , Sabreen Ali Abdalrahman .," New Azomethine- Azo Heterocyclic Ligands Via Cyclization of Ester ".,Research J. Pharm. and Tech.,11, 6 ,2018 .,DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00472.9 .
18. Intisar Obaid A , Eman HS , NaghamMahmoodAljamali ., "Synthesis of (Tetrazole, Oxazepine, Azo, Imine) Ligands and Studying of Their (Organic Identification, Chromatography, Solubility, Physical, Thermal Analysis, Bio-Study) " ., Research J. Pharm. and Tech ,2018; 11,7,: 2821-2828., DOI: 10.5958/0974-360X.2018.00521.8 .
19. Nakamoto.K., Infrared and Raman spectra of Inorganic Coordination, 1997, 5 th Ed. Part B, Joh N Wiley & Sons, New York, pp. 87, 154, 173.
20. Pandey.A., Rajavel.R., Chandraker.S. &Dash.D., 2012, E-Jrournal of Chemisty , 9,4, 2524- 2531.
21. Zollinger. H ,1987, Color Chemistry–Synthesis ,properties and application of organic dyes and pigments, VCH Publishers, NewYork.
22. Sreekumar.N.V, Narayana.B , Hedge.P , Manjuantha.B.R&KSarojini.B, 2003, Micro Chmi. Acta., 74, 27.
23. Mostava M.M. , Shallaby A.M. and El – Asmy. A.A. , J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem. , 43 , P. 292 , ( 1981 ) .
24. Arion V.B. and Keppler B.K. , J. Med Chem. , 50 ( 6 ) , PP. 1254 – 1265 ( 2007 ) .
25. Wilson and Givold," Text book of organic Medical and Pharmacology Chemistry", 8th ed, 107 (1982).
26. Alessandro,B., Clara,C., Giaframco,S., J.Am.Chem.Soc., 116,916 (1994).
27. Biliana,N., Kujundzie,N., Sancovic., Acta. Chem. Solv., 49,525(2002).
28. Lever, A.B. (1986).," Inorganic Electronic spectroscopy"., Amsterdam-London, New York.
29. Ghosh T. , Roy A. , Bhattacharya S. and Banerjee S. , Trans. Metal.Chem. , 30(4) , PP. 419-425 ( 2005 ) .
30. Baginski M, Czub J (June 2009). "Amphotericin B and its new derivatives - mode of action". Current Drug Metabolism. 10 (5): 459–69. doi:10.2174/ 138920009788898019 . PMID 19689243.
31. Sheehan DJ, Hitchcock CA, Sibley CM (January 1999). "Current and emerging azole antifungal agents". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 12 (1): 40–79. PMC 88906. PMID 9880474 .
32. Ameen M (March 2010). "Epidemiology of superficial fungal infections". Clinics in Dermatology. Elsevier Inc. 28 (2): 197–201. doi:10.1016/j. clindermatol.2009. 12.005. PMID 20347663.
33. Oliver JD, Sibley GE, Beckmann N, Dobb KS, Slater MJ, McEntee L, du Pré S, Livermore J, Bromley MJ, Wiederhold NP, Hope WW, Kennedy AJ, Law D, Birch M (November 2016). "F901318 represents a novel class of antifungal drug that inhibits dihydroorotate dehydrogenase". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 113 (45): 12809–12814. doi:10.1073/ pnas.1608304113 . PMC 5111691. PMID 27791100.
34. Hope WW, McEntee L, Livermore J, Whalley S, Johnson A, Farrington N, Kolamunnage-Dona R, Schwartz J, Kennedy A, Law D, Birch M, Rex JH (August 2017). "Aspergillusfumigatus: New Opportunities for Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Fungal Disease". mBio. 8 (4): e01157–17. doi:10.1128/mBio.01157-17. PMC 5565967 . PMID 28830945.
35. Brilhante RS, Caetano EP, Lima RA, CasteloBranco DS, Serpa R, Oliveira JS, Monteiro AJ, Rocha MF, Cordeiro RA, Sidrim JJ (October 2015). "In vitro antifungal activity of miltefosine and levamisole: their impact on ergosterol biosynthesis and cell permeability of dimorphic fungi". Journal of Applied Microbiology. 119 (4): 962–9. doi:10.1111/jam.12891. PMID 26178247.
36. "Systemic Therapy". Rook's Textbook of Dermatology. 4 (8th ed.). 2010. p. 74.48.
37. Borkow G (August 2014). "Using Copper to Improve the Well-Being of the Skin" . Current Chemical Biology. 8 (2): 89–102. doi:10.2174/2212796809666150227223857. PMC 4556990. PMID 26361585.
38. Kyriakidis I, Tragiannidis A, Munchen S, Groll AH (February 2017). "Clinical hepatotoxicity associated with antifungal agents". Expert Opinion on Drug Safety . 16(2): 149–165. doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1270264.
39. NaghamMahmoodAljamali ., "Synthesis and Chemical Identification of Macro Compounds of (Thiazol and Imidazol)".,Research J. Pharm. and Tech, 2015, 8,1, 78-84., DOI : 10.5958/0974-360X.2015.00016.5 .
40. Oberts DT, Taylor WD , Boyle J (March 2003). "Guidelines for treatment of onychomycosis ". The British Journal of Dermatology. 148 (3): 402–10. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05242.x. PMID 12653730.
41. Mehregan DR, Gee SL (December 1999). "The cost effectiveness of testing for onychomycosis versus empiric treatment of onychodystrophies with oral antifungal agents". Cutis. 64 (6): 407–10
42. Phillips, P, Shafran, S, Garber, G, Rotstein, C, Smaill, F, Fong, I. "Multicenter randomized trial of fluconazole versus amphotericin B for treatment of candidemia in non-neutropenic patients. Canadian Candidemia Study Group". Eur J ClinMicrobiol Infect Dis. vol. 16. 1997. pp. 337-45.
43. Rex, J, Pappas, P, Karchmer, A, Sobel, J, Edwards, J, Hadley, S. "A Randomized and Blinded Multicenter Trial of HighGÇÉDose Fluconazole plus Placebo versus Fluconazole plus Amphotericin B as Therapy for Candidemia and Its Consequences in Nonneutropenic Subjects". Clin Infect Dis. vol. 36. 2003. pp. 1221-28.
44. Kullberg, BJ, Sobel, JD, Ruhnke, M, Pappas, PG, Viscoli, C, Rex, JH. "Voriconazole versus a regimen of amphotericin B followed by fluconazole for candidaemia in non-neutropenic patients: a randomised non-inferiority trial". Lancet. vol. 366. 2005. pp. 1435-42.
45. Mora-Duarte, J, Betts, R, Rotstein, C, Colombo, AL, Thompson-Moya, L, Smietana, J. "Comparison ofCaspofungin and Amphotericin B for Invasive Candidiasis". N Engl J Med. vol. 347. 2002. pp. 2020-2029.
46. DiNubile, MJ, Lupinacci, RJ, Strohmaier, KM, Sable, CA, Kartsonis, NA. "Invasive candidiasis treated in the intensive care unit: Observations from a randomized clinical trial". Journal of Critical Care. vol. 22. 2007. pp. 237-44.
47. Kuse, ER, Chetchotisakd, P, da Cunha, CA, Ruhnke, M, Barrios, C, Raghunadharao, D. "Micafungin versus liposomal amphotericin B for candidaemia and invasive candidosis: a phase III randomised double-blind trial". Lancet. vol. 369. 2007. pp. 1519-27.
48. Pappas, PG, Rotstein, CMF, Betts, RF, Nucci, M, Talwar, D, De Waele, JJ. "Micafungin versus Caspofungin for Treatment of Candidemia and Other Forms of Invasive Candidiasis". Clin Infect Dis. vol. 45. 2007. pp. 883-93.
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Published
2019-01-25
How to Cite
Shallal, M. A. H. (2019). A Literature Review on the Imidazole. American International Journal of Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 5(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.46281/aijmsr.v5i1.231
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Copyright (c) 2019 Muhammed Abdel Hasan Shallal
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