The Leading Global Experiences in the Application of Equitable Economy and Solidarity

This study is designed to highlight the important role of the growing role played by the equitable economy and solidarity in building a balanced and integrated into the society, characterized by the values of solidarity in the framework of the spirit of the voluntary contribution and the spirit of the personal initiative, as well as the principles of equity and social justice that seeks this economy established and consolidated, the study found that the pilot experiences for both the state of Canada, Ecuador, Brazil, Finland, France, Spain, the reputation and excellence by relying primarily on the legal framework for this sector and organized the second degree of integration of all segments of society in the form of labor organizations for each category but every geographical region, the study recommended in the end to adopt the principle of integration and horizontal and vertical cooperation between these organizations in order to achieve effectiveness More competitive.

Equitable economy and solidarity "is a concept that refers to the institutions and private organizations, associations and cooperatives of social nature and the synergy that feature the production of goods and services in the framework of its attempt to achieve the economic and social" iii 1.2 The principles of equitable economy and solidarity: We include a set of principles, as follows iv : A common set of values: and includes several common principles based on the values of solidarity and freedom and equality.
Freedom of accession:Each person has the capacity to join in the organization of the social economy and solidarity, and to withdraw, as it management and governance based on the group and participate, where the leaders of which are elected and appointed bodies are making decisions based on the principle of (one person -one vote).
Targeting profit:Be limited or non-existent any all the surpluses to be invested in the project of social activity. The principle of solidarity and responsibility:working equitable economy and solidarity organizations on the implementation of procedures and the requirement to operate within a specific approach. The participation of those involved in the economy of users and beneficiaries in decision-making. The joint responsibility. Empowerment of the beneficiaries through the existing working methods to participate. Equality between people in opinion and vote.

Solidarity
An innovative alternative to the traditional economic models of global economies to benefit the most disadvantaged and marginalized groups and the poorest countries is difficult to achieve in the framework of the regular economic plans and The neo-liberal or traditional development assistance programs and the need for flexibility and innovation to direct resources and benefits to beneficiaries and shareholders.

Voluntary participation and independence
Participate voluntarily in the organizations of the social economy and solidarit starting from the base of the approach to the establishment of the institutions based on the social needs of an independent economy in nature to give opportunities for the communities to establish projects and obtain skills and resources and employment benefits and cannot be achieved through a market economy.

The public interest
The promotion of a culture of community based on cooperation and mutual support and the sharing of responsibilities, the main goal is the growth and well-being of society without derogating from the well-being of individuals within the group. Source: Peter putting ;social and solidarity economy beyond the fringe ;first published ; zed books ;london ;2015 ;p88 1.3 The objectives of equitable economy and solidarity can be reference to several objectives as follows : v To promote the principle of solidarity:When is commonly the principle of solidarity among the members of society in a codified form, and organizer of the earning issues which unites individuals for power and embraced by the members of the others. Build a strong social cohesion: and what qualifies the solidarity economy organizations to play a big role in bridging this gap and mitigate the effects of the economic patterns and social conditions prevailing in the world today. The development of the local community to consult local citizens: to help themselves through the development of skills in organizations makes it easier for them to the process of joint participation through empowerment and work patterns, social act which is used as part of the strategies of the development of the local community.

Effective means to bridge the gap between the economies and the economies:
Reducing the decent work deficit citizen and improve productivity and competitiveness, it is through the work of the economy others belong to the organization of the social economy can achieve the scope and achieve a minimum level of social protection through mutual assistance and solidarity.
2-The pilot experiences in the application of equitable economy and solidarity 2.1 experience of Canada: 2.1.1 Legal recognition: Canada is considered one of the pioneers in the application of equitable economy and solidarity, and also proactive in finding legal rules regulating this sector, which have enlisted it as follows vi : I knew Canada during the year 2013 the official entry in the global movement that seeks to recognize equitable economy and solidarity, in this context, the National Assembly approved on 10 October 2013 unanimously adopted the Law on the economy of solidarity and the act of Quebec cooperatives and The arpels and 8,324 non-profit organizations serve as components of the social economy, which is based on collective values have components that also called the construction of the social economy, is the ability to mobilize the forces of the economic center and become an important lever of the collective revolution, although the legal recognition of the social economy is not a new phenomenon in Quebec but it contributes to the country's developmentThe Quebec for cooperation and synergy, which was founded in 1940 democratic body available to the cooperative movement and The arpels in Quebec and lowland terrain this body the various Federations of Cooperatives and The Sectoral and regional arpels in Quebec, it should also be noted that the field of cooperation in Quebec very varied include multiple forms of cooperatives. Article 3 of this law that equitable economy and solidarity" is a total economic activities carried out in the framework of the construction, social purposes based its activities in particular on the sale or exchange of goods and services, and to be used in accordance with the following principles: Entrepreneurship seeks to cater to the needs of its members, or the needs of the group. ntrepreneurship and not subject to the control of Judgmental, which concerns the decision of the public body or bodies, according to the meaning of the law on accessing documents of public bodies and the protection of personal information.
ndicate the rules applicable to contractors' employees to follow the democratic process in the decision. revents the rules applied to entrepreneurship and the distribution of surpluses on their activities or allow the distribution of surpluses to members, according to the operations that take place between any of the member states and between the contractors, and the application of the first paragraph, the end social value according to the contribution of entrepreneurship in improving the well-being of its members, or the welfare of the community and create jobs, is a social institution each contractor activities are mainly on the sale or exchange of goods or services that have been used in accordance with the principles set forth in the first paragraph of the cooperative party or any other body not-for-profit organizations . canada ;2016 ;p170 2.1.2 solidarity economy funds: useful for Canada, which analyzes the economy of solidarity funds, or people's funds and indicates a 1994 law on the people's funds to all persons moral and the full range of financial services vii : According to the principle of a collaborative system. To its members in the first place. Under the supervision and democratic control of the French-speaking privately and resident in Manitoba unless the text of the rule within the law otherwise.
However, this definition does not include the people's funds outside the provinces.

The Credit Union:
it is the moral person provides a full range of financial services viii : According to the principle of the cooperative system to its members in the first Under the supervision and democratic control of New Jersey in the first Does not include this particular credit unions outside the Territories s desjardins is a good example of the Solidarity economy, where funds are one of the most important financial groups in Canada and ranks first in the cooperative financial group in the country, and the fourth among the most secure financial institutions in North America and ranked 13 among the strongest financial institutions in the world, according to a Bloomberg Economic Year 2017 2.1.4 contribution to the economy: The register of equitable economy and solidarity, considerable contributions in Canada have enlisted it as follows ix : Equitable economy and solidarity in Canada in 2017 profits estimated at 1.5 billion Canadian dollars, 171 million dollars have been distributed to the members of the cooperative, who number more than 6 million people, distributed over 400,000 contractors, as the distribution of 81 million on the municipal groups in the form of grants and donations. The construction sector provides the solidarity economy in Quebec generally on the size of the important economic sectors (40, 3300 activities of the Cooperative and Mutual 7000 contractor working in 20 sectors active, 125,000 jobs) check about 26 million billion dollars transactions and is contributing to the Gross Domestic Product by 8%.

Ecuador: 2.2.1 legal recognition:
Ecuador is considered a forerunner in finding legal rules governing equitable sector of the economy and of solidarity, which have enlisted it as follows x : in Ecuador equitable economy and solidarity, known under the name of popular economy and solidarity, where the Constitution of the country on the principle of solidarity in article 283 "The economic system is a social collaboration and is considered as a subject of human rights and an end to him and heads the economy to achieve a dynamic balance between the community and the state and the market in harmony with nature and its goal is to ensure the production and re-production of physical and non-physical conditions that would allow for the good way of life and the economic system is composed of the public and private sectors and mixed forms of popular solidarity Economic institutions and other prescribed by the Constitution and the organization of popular economy in accordance with the constitution and it includes the cooperative sector and trade unionism and the local private sector  Source :maria José Ruiz rivera ; Reia Lemaitre ;social entreprise in ecuador ;messe(movimiento de econimia social y solidaria del ecuador ;vol :39 ; issue 2 ;ecuador ;2017 ;p58 Including that Ecuador was among the first countries that introduced the principle of solidarity in its Constitution, created a system of data on the framing of Popular Economy and Solidarity .

Brazil
legal recognition: Brazil tried to establish legal rule governing equitable sector of the economy and of solidarity since it adopted the idea and that have gone through the following stages xi : The impact of the economic forum of solidarity in Brazil, Walid World Social Forum of 2003, established the country reviews of the State in the economy of solidarity given to Paul Singer Brazilian view of the economy of solidarity. As a result, strengthen the legal arsenal in the country, the law of 19 June 2012 regarding procedures and administrative procedures for the exploitation of workers' cooperatives, and that this law will help to ensure that the rights of workers in cooperatives while the legal issues dealing with problems relating to the establishment of a false cooperatives. It has been a challenge faced by Paul Singer after bear responsibility for the portfolio of the first reviews of the State in the economy of solidarity lies in building public policy for the new economy, solidarity and determination of its landmarks, where Brazil today on more than 400 active incubator and had designed the latter to promote equitable economy and solidarity, in Brazil and promoting social innovation through partnership between academic and governmental junior and private sector companies, so the government provides funding for most of the projects and provide universities and offices and infrastructure, while the private sector companies, consulting services and adequate training, these networks to respond to the real social needs and encourage the creation of employment opportunities in the third sector and the development of technological and social fabric and enhance the skills of Brazilian Workers . Regulations regarding the economy of solidarity is not called the contractors as much as called initiatives and, in order to avoid confusion between the contractors and distinguished from others and up to 21.859 related initiative solidarity economy and information system on the economy of solidarity is solidarity economy institutions, organizations: Available on collectively.
Available on the nature of permanence with specific economic activities, even in the juvenile Stage saving, marketing 2 -3 -2 The first fair trade system and of solidarity in the world: Enabled the decree signed by Brazilian President Luis Inacio Da Silva in November 2010 Brazil or a national system of fair trade and solidarity in the world and constitute the national system of fair trade and Solidarity Group Of The parameters to be followed during the implementation of public policy through the work of the advancement of the economy of solidarity in order to create jobs and income and strengthening the identity of fair trade, one of the goals of the national system of fair trade and solidarity as follows xii : . through the deployment of its perception and engage in the practices associated.

contribution to the national economy:
A multifaceted contribution to the national economy and can be summarized in the following elements xiii solidarity economy in Brazil for the year 2016, the NRC 1687035 participants, including 63% males and 37% females and include these activities 2934 the city of which covers 52% of the Brazilian territory at a rate of 48% of the cities and rural and 35% of urban and 17% village, urban cities in addition to the contribution of the Solidarity economy in the creation of a significant number of job opportunities, it also contributes in the production of wheat for 75 percent and in milk production by 40% in general, such a contribution of up to 8% in the gross domestic product of Brazil.   The Protected centers: these are often protected professional institutions belonging to the municipalities and collective institutions and associations, primarily less and with the piece, the latter oversees the functioning and are places to work long term and highlight this experience, the extent of the strong commitment of the community about the marginalized persons to achieve an active social integration through work. The Protected centers: these are often protected professional institutions belonging to the municipalities and collective institutions and associations, primarily less and with the piece, the latter oversees the functioning and are places to work long term and highlight this experience, the extent of the strong commitment of the community about the marginalized persons to achieve an active social integration through work The Protected centers: these are often protected professional institutions belonging to the municipalities and collective institutions and associations, primarily less and with the piece, the latter oversees the functioning and are places to work long term and highlight this experience, the extent of the strong commitment of the community about the marginalized persons to achieve an active social integration through work The Protected centers: these are often protected professional institutions belonging to the municipalities and collective institutions and associations, primarily less and with the piece, the latter oversees the functioning and are places to work long term and highlight this experience, the extent of the strong commitment of the community about the marginalized persons to achieve an active social integration through work Often these professional institutions and municipal protected and collective institutions and associations, primarily less and with the piece, the latter oversees the functioning and are places to work long term and highlight this experience, the extent of the strong commitment of the community about the marginalized persons to achieve an active social integration through work.

Construction companies that belong to the association of persons interested in the status of the block:
Allow the discovery of new horizons in the world of disability and is an initiative related to women entrepreneurs, which belongs to the association is interested in persons in the case of obstruction, and it comes to some national or local associations, provide employment for the benefit of its members through the construction events belong to them The Centers for unemployed youth: Finland is available on more than 300 social center for the benefit of unemployed youth and these centers belong mainly to local groups, reflecting the objectives of these centers is to provide a career for young people the unemployed workers and non-educated or the development of professional qualifications, as well as finding a solution to the scourge of unemployment Operating cooperatives : operating cooperatives adopted the legal form of the cooperative, which means that each member has one vote to ensure democratic participation in decision-making and strategic entrepreneurship fair is the distribution of surpluses to how part of the re-distributed to Member States in the form of discount according to the work done by each one of them, the main goal of cooperatives operating in the reintegration of its members in the labor market, with the recognition of the contribution of each factor to an end.  legal recognition:Equitable economy and solidarity, most widely spread in the French scene is an important development, and we are trying to address the stages of its development as follows xx :: and if practices back to a long time, recognition of the cooperative movement and the arpel is not due to the year 1850 and is the year in which the law governing a collaborative and rescue companies should wait for 50 years to make the year 1901 the legal text, to the freedom of everyone in the establishment of associations, then issued the decision of synergy in 1945 and another law concerning cooperation in 1947.
In the year 1980, the national committee to coordinate the activities of arpel and cooperatives and associations charter of equitable economy and caused the government ministerial delegation equitable economy, which became its name in 1991 from the charge of social innovation and the social economy to be renamed in 2006 Commissariat for creativity and social experimentation and the social economy in the same year, the establishment of the Supreme Council of the social economy, which became the name in the year 2010 the Supreme Council of the social economy and solidarity, and in April 2014 carried the name reviews the state of the economy and social solidarity and led this new dynamic within the French Government in July 2014 to the adoption of Law No. 2014-856 concerning equitable economy and solidarity. The Law of 31 July 2014 in the first article (01) that the equitable economy and solidarity," a formula for entrepreneurship and economic development compatible with all areas of human activity, which engaged persons subject to special law considerations and who have the following cumulative conditions: The goal of another non-profit sharing. Democratic rule determined by and organized by the laws which refer to news and participation and which is only the extent of the contribution to the capital or the amount of the financial contribution for the partners and the action and the parties concerned the achievements of entrepreneurship. The profits are for the most part of the objective to maintain or develop entrepreneurial activity. The precautions necessary indivisible could not be distributed and could authorize the basic laws to bring that adds to the capital, the amounts deducted from the precautions that formed under this law.

contribution to the economy:
Is the bet of the economy fair and solidarity in France is very high, this incorporate as follows xxi : It represents (10 percent of the gross domestic product, occupies 2.4 million employees and provide 440,000 new jobs every 10 years, comprising about 200,000 completed infrastructure, where 68 percent of the assistance services inside homes and 60 percent of bank deposits, the year 2016) and activates the patrimony in health and insurance. The new law seeks to facilitate the process of financing the equitable economy and solidarity, it shows the renewal of the adoption of the name of the Solidarity Organization, which had existed before, and to allow accredited organizations accessing the provident funds of solidarity and is financed (10 percent at least of the amounts of solidarity the year 2016), the new law also gives new power to users action where the early notification procedure in the case of the sale of the Organization with fewer than 250 employees and the balance sheet of companies and collaborative, participatory processes with a view to providing assistance to resume the work of the organizations of the Working Party, it also approves the reform of institutions equitable economy and solidarity, through the reform of the Supreme Council of the equitable economy and solidarity, as well as to the establishment of a higher council for cooperation on which the minister in charge of the opinion the total cooperation of the draft legislative text Or organizational on how cooperatives work or unions 3. Conclusion Reflected the recognition in the social economy and solidarity, for many of the countries on the level of the Constitution and whether some of the constitutions referred explicitly to this recognition, other constitutions referred to implicitly. as successful practices in this area, the adoption of a national law remains the need to develop a common legislation of total local entities composed of equitable sector of the economy and of solidarity.
which contributed largely to devote recognized, who helped him to develop and to occupy an increasing place in the national economy and the state's leaders in the field. sector, identifying its principles and instruments of intervention and support its equitable distribution of wealth and currency customer relations, economic and social organization in accordance with the principle of self-governance.
at improving the effectiveness of the Equitable sector of the economy and of solidarity, highlights the example of Ecuador, Brazil and Spain and the importance given to these institutions.
-structured to an orderly structured sector, where the authorities of these initiatives toward the institutions that the activities and services of social utility, working to create jobs in its endeavor to promote the economy and development, and that some of these institutions are sent in special cases to the area to support the voluntary institutions and projects associated with the target.
actors, and this is the reason why the international practices occur catch up to the presence of the bodies into the place with the aim of providing support to local actors. important role in local development from being designed to achieve greater equity in the conventional trade, the fair trade have contributed largely to the creation of opportunities for groups living in difficult economic and is regarded as a lever for development, and has enabled many of them to overcome the negative effects resulting from the economic crisis of 2008. this latter produced and re-production of physical and non-physical conditions that provide the correct how to live for the benefit of society as a whole, and also proposes aims to give human beings first and solidarity within society, this gathering aims to provide solutions to the social challenges facing the members of the community in the framework of the independent of the public authorities.
because of the great contribution in the product raw internal, but in terms of the principle of solidarity which the balance sheet 4.Recommendations: Improving the competitiveness of the cooperatives: These can improve competitiveness by adopting a set of roads, but for equitable economy and solidarity, we adopt the method of horizontal integration and public official: horizontal integration: cooperation between the enterprises belonging to the same sector at the level of the cooperative sector activities makes strong sector and integrate sectoral and geographical dimensions.
Vertical Integration: the development of the relations of cooperation between suppliers, producers and distributors in order to improve the overall effectiveness. The widespread use of technology and communication: promoting the use of information technology and means of communication in the conduct of such cooperatives, thereby helping to reduce the burden on operators and reducing production time and rely on the quality assurance mechanisms.

Cooperation between the current tests:
If this potential through horizontal integration and equitable public sector of the economy and of solidarity for all of Canada and France, Finland, Ecuador, Brazil and Spain, the horizontal integration be in partnership between the enterprises belonging to the same sector and for the development of the relations of cooperation between alamoudi suppliers, producers and distributors in these countries. The assessment of the current tests: not only at the level of each country, but also on the level of the forum for the purpose of analysis of each mosque, based on experience with the events of the comparison and out strengths and weaknesses and solutions, and the prospects for the future. Taking advantage of experience: For the States which still lags behind in this sector can see these experiences in several ways either to participate in an international forum that brings together all these tests and the use of a broad field, or a forum with one of these states, and the best solutions for field inspection or adoption of the composition by trainers, and therefore whatever method is open to identify the advantages and disadvantages of all the experience and strengths and weaknesses and to establish a local strategy to avoid recorded flaws in the previous test.